Active acne therapy and post-inflammatory scarring. Topicals, isotretinoin, microneedling, fractional laser, and chemical reconstruction of skin scars.
AviClear is a 1726 nm laser FDA-cleared to treat mild to severe inflammatory acne in all skin types. What the clearance means, what the pivotal trial showed, who it…
Tretinoin is prescription retinoic acid that works immediately. Retinol is an OTC ingredient your skin must convert first. How strength, speed, irritation, and evidence…
RF microneedling and Fraxel both improve texture and scars through different mechanisms. Compare results, downtime, cost, and skin type safety.
Acne scar treatment in darker skin (Fitzpatrick IV-VI) requires modalities that minimize PIH. RF microneedling and subcision are safest; fractional CO2 carries higher…
Chemical peels treat hyperpigmentation and acne in Fitzpatrick IV-VI skin when acid type and concentration match melanin-rich skin. Mandelic and salicylic acid are…
CO2 lasers penetrate deeper with more collagen contraction — stronger results, longer recovery, higher PIH risk. Er:YAG ablates precisely with less heat — faster…
Laser resurfacing in Black skin requires matching wavelength and energy to melanin-rich tissue. Non-ablative 1540/1550 nm and 1064 nm Nd:YAG are safest; ablative CO2…
PIH is the most common pigment complication after lasers, peels, microneedling, and injectables in skin of color. What the evidence says about prevention, early…
A working guide to the energy-based devices reshaping aesthetic medicine — from picosecond pigment to hybrid resurfacing — and the conditions each actually fixes.